Overview of disease and insect control in peanut

The common diseases are peanut rust, early spot, brown spot and late spot and other fungal diseases that harm the leaf. The impact of peanut rust on the yield is greater than leaf spot, especially in the south of Yangtze River in China, when there is more rain and too much humidity in the field. The onset of early and late spot disease is late, and the influence on plant growth and development is chronic. Because peanuts have entered the maturity stage, it is easy to ignore its harm.
Peanut bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease are also serious in some concentrated producing areas. Reasonable crop rotation is an effective control method. In China, peanut virus diseases mainly include arbuscular disease, Mosaic disease and dwarf disease. Arbuscular disease is more serious in the southeast coast, the onset of the fruit needle does not go to the ground and upward in the hook shape, commonly known as "peanut male". Early sowing of spring peanut and late sowing of autumn peanut have the effect of avoiding disease. Mosaic and dwarf diseases are more common in the north. Other diseases such as root rot, small sclerotium, shell rot, crown rot, leaf rot, etc., also occur. Generally, the comprehensive measures such as crop rotation, breeding for disease resistance, seed selection, strengthening management and paying attention to drainage are used to control the disease.
The origin of the initial infection of peanut rust in northern China is still unclear. Summer spores form and infect again through wind and rain. The germination temperature of summer spore was 11-33℃, the optimal temperature was 25-28℃, and the disease gley period was 6-15 days at 20-30℃. Early sowing in spring peanut disease is mild, early sowing in autumn peanut disease is serious.
Excessive nitrogen application, high density, poor ventilation and light transmission, poor drainage conditions, serious disease. The disease of peanut in paddy field is more serious than that in dry field. High temperature, high humidity and large temperature difference are conducive to the spread of diseases.