Fava beans (Vicia faba), also known as broad beans or horse beans, are a nutrient-rich ancient legume originating from the Mediterranean region, with a cultivation history spanning over 6,000 years. Renowned for their high protein content (25-30%), dietary fiber, and abundance of folate, iron, and potassium, they are an excellent choice for healthy diets and vegetarians.
Fava bean seeds are elongated ovals, measuring about 2-3 cm, and come in various colors, including green, yellow, brown, and purple. Fresh fava beans are ideal for salads or side dishes, while dried beans are perfect for soups, stews, and sauces, such as Middle Eastern falafel and Egyptian ful medames.
Specification-wise, fava bean pods are cylindrical, containing 3-4 seeds each, graded based on size, color, and moisture content (e.g., Canada No. 1 standard). Additionally, roasted fava beans can be ground into a powder, serving as a caffeine-free coffee substitute. Whether for culinary or agricultural purposes, fava beans offer versatility and sustainability.
| Nutrient | Content (per 100g dried beans) | Health Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| Protein | 25-30% | Ideal for vegetarians, muscle repair |
| Dietary Fiber | High | Promotes gut health, weight control |
| Folate | Abundant | Supports fetal development, prevents defects |
| Iron | High | Prevents anemia, boosts energy levels |
| Potassium | High | Maintains heart health, regulates blood pressure |
Nutrition data is based on PMC: Faba Bean: An Untapped Source of Quality Plant Proteins and Bioactives and Feedipedia: Faba bean (Vicia faba).
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